Questions on the Anatomy and Physiology

Questions on the Anatomy and Physiology

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system?

protection of internal organs

mineral storage

communication

blood cell formation

Bone resorption requires the activity of:

osteoblasts.

osteocytes.

osteoclasts.

chondrocytes

The only example of gomphoses in the body are the articulations between the teeth and the maxilla or mandible.

True

False

Creatine phosphate provides 30-40 seconds of energy for muscle activity.

True

False

Which type of synovial joint is the simplest and least mobile?

ball-and-socket joint

plane joint

saddle joint

hinge joint

Both synovial fluid and articular cartilage function in shock absorption and the lubrication of a synovial joint.

True

False

Diploë refers to spongy bone in flat bones.

True

False

A muscle cell experiencing resting membrane potential is:

propagating an action potential.

polarized.

experiencing depolarization.

more negatively charged on its exterior than in its interior.

Which muscles elevate the scapula?

pectoralis major and pectoralis minor

pectoralis minor and serratus anterior

trapezius and levator scapulae

rhomboid major and rhomboid minor

When climbing stairs, which muscles plantar flex your foot?

gluteus maximus and hamstrings

tibialis anterior and extensor digitorum longus

gastrocnemius and soleus

rectus femoris and sartorius

Which of the following is NOT a cranial bone?

zygomatic bone

frontal bone

parietal bone

occipital bone

The synapse of a motor neuron with a muscle fiber is known as the:

motor end plate.

neuromuscular junction.

synaptic bulb.

synaptic cleft.

Questions on the Anatomy and Physiology essay paper

Greater muscle tension results when muscle fibers are repeatedly stimulated.

True

False

Appositional growth produces:

endochondral ossification.

intramembranous ossification.

growth in width.

growth in length.

From superficial to deep, the three muscles of the lateral abdominal wall are:

transversus abdominis, external oblique, internal oblique.

external oblique, internal oblique, rectus abdominis.

rectus abdominis, external oblique, internal oblique.

external oblique, internal oblique, transversus abdominis.

Cardiac muscles perform peristalsis to pump blood through the heart.

True

False

What do skeletal muscle tissue and cardiac muscle tissue share in common?

Both skeletal and cardiac muscle tissues possess intercalated discs.

Both skeletal and cardiac muscle tissues are voluntary.

Both skeletal and cardiac muscle tissues are striated.

Both skeletal and cardiac muscle tissues perform peristalsis.

Place the classes of vertebrae in order as they are situated in the vertebral column from superior to inferior.  1. cervical vertebrae 2. coccygeal vertebrae 3. lumbar vertebrae 4. sacral vertebrae 5. thoracic vertebrae

1, 5, 3, 2, 4

1, 3, 5, 4, 2

1, 3, 5, 2, 4

1, 5, 3, 4, 2

The process of ossification begins at a primary ossification center in both intramembranous and endochondral ossification.

True

False

Which of the following is a functional joint classification?

synovial

fibrous

cartilaginous

diarthrosis

What type of joint allows motion around only one axis?

uniaxial

multiaxial (triaxial)

nonaxial

biaxial

The function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) is to store and release calcium ions.

True

False

Larry’s muscles weakened while he played tennis for hours on a hot summer afternoon. This inability to maintain intensity is defined as:

atrophy.

hypotonia.

muscle fatigue.

hypertonia.

Which of the following does NOT belong to the axial skeleton?

vertebral column

pectoral girdle

skull

thoracic cage

What best describes cartilaginous joints?

joint cavity

presence of synovial fluid in the joint cavity

free range of motion

little, if any, motion

Where does the mentalis muscle insert?

hyoid bone

angle of the mouth

skin of the chin

skin around the eyelids

Which of the following muscles does NOT adduct the thigh?

adductor magnus

gracilis

rectus femoris

pectineus

From proximal to distal, what bones form the upper limb? 1. carpals 2. humerus 3. metacarpals 4. phalanges 5. ulna and radius

5, 2, 1, 3, 4

2, 5, 1, 4, 3

2, 5, 1, 3, 4

2, 5, 4, 3, 1

Muscles with a triangular shape, such as the pectoralis major muscle in the chest, typically have a:

spiral fascicle arrangement.

unipennate fascicle arrangement.

convergent fascicle arrangement.

parallel fascicle arrangement

The type of contraction in which length of the muscle fibers do not change is called:

isometric.

isotonic eccentric.

tetany.

isotonic concentric.

In an adult, each coxal bone is made of three fused bones: ilium, ischium, and pubis bones.

True

False

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