NURS350 Assignment: Week 3 Discussion Research in Nursing
NURS350 Assignment: Week 3 Discussion Research in Nursing
NURS350 Assignment: Week 3 Discussion Research in Nursing
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DQ1 Describe quantitative research designs that are used to support changes in nursing practice. Choose one and explain why you chose it. Give an example of how this research design is used to drive change in nursing practices.
DQ2 What is the difference between statistical significance and clinical significance? Explain why statistically significant results in a study do not always mean that the study is clinically significant. Provide an example.
A research design is the framework or guide used for the planning, implementation, and analysis of a study(1-2). It is the plan for answering the research question or hypothesis. Different types of questions or hypotheses demand different types of research designs, so it is important to have a broad preparation and understanding of the different types of research designs available. Research designs are most often classified as either quantitative or qualitative. However, it is becoming more common for investigators to combine, or mix, multiple quantitative and/or qualitative designs in the same study(3).
Quantitative research designs most often reflect a deterministic philosophy that is rooted in the post-positivist paradigm, or school of thought. Post-positivists examine cause, and how different causes interact and/or influence outcomes. The post-positivist paradigm adopts the philosophy that reality can be discovered, however only imperfectly and in a probabilistic sense. The approach is typically deductive – where most ideas or concepts are reduced into variables and the relationship between or among them are tested(1,3). The knowledge that results is based on careful observation and measurement and interpretation of objective reality.
In contrast, qualitative research designs are rooted in the naturalistic paradigm. The approach to study is inductive, rather than deductive, and begins with the assumption that reality is subjective, not objective, and that multiple realities exist, rather than just one(1,3). When little is known about a particular phenomenon, experience, or concept, a qualitative design is often used first. Once concepts and/or themes are identified, or grouped into a theory, they can then be tested using a quantitative design or approach. Quantitative research designs primarily involve the analysis of numbers in order to answer the research question or hypothesis, while qualitative designs primarily involve the analysis of words.