NSG 4074 Discussion: Epidemiology’s Role in Infectious and Communicable Diseases
NSG 4074 Discussion: Epidemiology’s Role in Infectious and Communicable Diseases
Discussion: Epidemiology’s Role in Infectious and Communicable Diseases NSG 4074
NSG 4074 Health Promotion and Clinical Prevention Week 2 Discussion
Epidemiology’s Role in Infectious and Communicable Diseases
As you discovered in this week’s lecture and readings, epidemiology studies various occurrences and health-related states or events that effect the general population. Epidemiologists examine the dispersion of health events in populations and use this knowledge to control and prevent future health problems.
By the due date assigned, post a response to one of the two discussion topics below, using information from the lectures, reading assignments, library resources, and Internet resources. All responses should be posted to the appropriate topic in the Discussion Area.
Topic 1: Disease Outbreak
Select an infectious disease and research the CDC website for information about the disease, its natural history, presenting symptoms, and outbreak characteristics. Identify an occurrence of the disease by searching the Internet for recent reports of this disease and compare that episode or occurrence with information from the CDC website.
How closely did that outbreak resemble the case definition?
Topic 2: Epidemiological Applications
Describe how the concept of multifactorial etiology relates to the natural history of disease and the different levels of prevention.
How should the nurse incorporate these concepts into health promotion of clients in community settings?
How should the nurse approach client risk in these health promotion activities?
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Specifics of Infectious Disease Epidemiology
Most textbooks dealing with the epidemiology of infectious diseases address the epidemiological features (also named biology) of specific infectious diseases. In this chapter, the focus is placed on the concepts and methods more specific to the general epidemiological study of infectious diseases. At a later stage, implementation of these methods must be adapted to the specific infectious disease under consideration. Then, detailed knowledge of the disease biology is of capital importance.
Epidemiologists focus their study on population groups (or “herds”) rather than on individuals. In addition, infectious disease epidemiology also considers the interaction between individuals within the population group. For non-infectious diseases, each case and his/her risk factors are personal and independent from the neighbor (your neighbor’s risk factors for heart disease have no influence on your risk factors). On the contrary, for infectious disease, the interaction between cases and contacts is of prime importance; this special feature of infectious disease epidemiology is discussed in the section transmission and basic concepts important to infectious diseases.