Health Reform Around the World
Health Reform Around the World essay assignment
Health Reform Around the World essay assignment
The student will complete 6 Discussions in this course. The student will post one thread of 300-500 words by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Thursday of the assigned Module: Week. The student must then post 2 replies of 250-350 words by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Monday of the assigned Module/Week. For each thread, students must support their assertions with at least 2 scholarly citations in current APA format. Each reply must incorporate at least 2 scholarly citations in current APA format. Threads and replies must also include at least 1 biblical integration. Any sources cited must have been published within the last five years. Acceptable sources include peer-reviewed sources and the Bible.
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QUESTION: After reviewing the Reading & Study material for Module/Week 6, answer the following question: To what extent do you think the crafting of the Affordable Care Act relied on experiences in other countries? Can you think of examples of policies or countries that may have been influential?
REPLY TO:
Frederick:
Comparing the U.S. Health Care System to Other Countries
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Comparing the U.S. Health System to Other Countries
If comparing the United States health care system to other countries, there are similarities and differences. Knowing that each country is unique with its issues and concerns, the common thread between all countries is providing adequate care to the patient. With the passage of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) in 2010, the United States took a step in delivering health care to millions of people who did not have access to adequate health care. The United States came closer to universal health care than it has ever been before, following the lead of numerous other countries across the pond and within our own continent.
The ACA seems to be a mixture of several other countries’ versions of the Affordable Care Act. Morone & Ehlke (2015) write that “Canada has government-sponsored insurance, but it is managed by the provinces within broad national guidelines. France has a dominant national insurer covering most people but a series of smaller funds for other occupational groups. Japan has thousands of insurers, with membership determined by employment and location (Morone & Ehlke, 2015). In the Netherlands, people are required to have insurance but can choose among funds. In Germany, about 80% of the population is required to join “sickness funds,” but many people choose their funds. In England, instead of having insurance, citizens are given the right to use a state bureaucracy, the National Health Service, Morone & Ehlke, 2015). Sweden also provides coverage through health services, but they are organized and mainly funded at the county level. Australia has a version of Medicare nationwide for ambulatory care, but hospital care is provided by state public hospitals” (Morone & Ehlke, 2015). America’s health care system is more like Canada’s, in my opinion. Canada has a balanced approach between the government and province influences. The U.S. also has a balance between the federal government and the states and Medicare.
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England influenced the American health care system. Morone & Ehlke (2015), “Around the time the NHS internal market was established (1990), one of its creators, Alain Enthoven, convened a meeting in the resort town of Jackson, Wyoming. His Jackson Hole Group drew on business leaders and policymakers and worked to bring managed competition to the American health care system” (Morone & Ehlke, 2015). Another similarity between the British and American health care systems is politics. Reading the chapters for the week, it is incredible how much politics gets in the way of the goal of caring for the patient. It took many, many years for the British to get to where they were, as did the United States. The differences of the two political parties going back and forth, trying to get their way, along with the special interest groups, often create a blur of the real goal. While England had an influence, America has not yet gone to the single-payer model as England has. Shanoor Seervai (2017) writes, “This is a classic single-payer model, in which the government finances health care with general tax revenue and employs or contracts directly with health providers to deliver care. England’s National Health Service (NHS) is a good example” (Seevai, 2017).
Overall, I think that the Affordable Care Act relied somewhat on other country’s experiences in passing the bill. However, the United States is a vast country with many more citizens than most other countries that were mentioned in the weekly reading. America’s issues are going to be different than England or Japan, by simply a numbers game. America has another way of thinking, and the politics are different than everyone else’s. Politics and money are always the bottom lines, and it is no different in health care. For our elected officials in Washington D.C., Colossians 3:13 says, “Get along with each other, and forgive each other. If someone does wrong to you, forgive that person because the Lord forgave you”, (New International Version, 1973, 1978, 1984, 2011, Colossians 3:13).
References
Morone, J. A., & Ehlke, D. C. (2015). Health politics and policy. Delmar.
Seervai, S. (n.d.). How Other Countries Achieve Universal Coverage. Home. Retrieved December 1, 2021, from https://www.commonwealthfund.org/blog/2017/how-other-countries-achieve-universal-coverage.
The Holy Bible, new international version. (1973, 1978,1984, 2011). Grand Rapids: Zondervan Publishing House
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Cheryl
Health Reform Around the World
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In crafting the Affordable Care Act, looking at health systems within other countries may have provided a great analysis in various forms to determine how to construct specific polices such as, patient issues, payment systems that are fair and effective as well as provide good overall quality care that everyone that needs it will have access to, however, much of the Affordable Care Act was crafted based on data within the United States. According to (Moron, Ehlke 2015), comparing ideas abroad and the experience of countries, which are at comparable levels of economic development can add to the American experience regarding health policies. But we must be careful because nations may vary from each other in ways that states do not (Morone, Ehlke 2015). Examining the experiences of other countries as it pertains to health care policies give us the ability to see different approaches to similar issues and dilemmas that we may be facing in the United States.
In Canada, the single-payer system has been influential to lawmakers here in the United States. According to (Weinberg & Chen, 2017), Republicans in Washington DC have consistently proposed to repeal the Affordable Care Act and replace it with a less regulated system, however, most progressives in California would like to do away with the ACA in favor of “single-payer” healthcare modeled on the Canadian system. Every Canadian with that is a legal resident has healthcare coverage. The process appears to be much simpler, with lower administrative costs to maintain. According to Clay Smith, the Canadian health policy allows physicians to be paid promptly and fully, with low collection costs and almost no preapproval, adjudication, or other barriers that patients and physicians often face in the United States (Smith, 2018). The Canadian health system faces much of the same issues we face in the United States as it relates to funding and cost containment. Although the individual components of health care spending are comparable between Canada and the United States, the dollar figures spent on health care are very different. Canada is a big spender among the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries, with total spending on health care accounting for 11% of gross domestic product (GDP), significantly lower than the United States (Moron, Heike 2015).
“Beloved, I pray that all may go well with you and that you may be in good health, as it goes well with your soul.” 3 John 1:2. Good healthcare that is affordable and accessible is important and looking to other systems that may help us refine or improve our current healthcare laws is a good way to gain information.
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References
Weinberg, M. PHD, Chen, L.J., PHD, (August 2017) “International Healthcare Systems and the US Health Reform Debate” Bay Area Council Economic Institute, retrieved from http://www.bayareaeconomy.org/report/international-healthcare-systems-and-the-us-health-reform-debate/
Smith, Clay (October 2018), “Single-Payer – Good, Bad, and Ugly of the Canadian System”, Journal Feed, Retrieved from https://journalfeed.org/article-a-day/2018/single-payer-good-bad-and-ugly-of-the-canadian-system
Morone, J., & Ehlke, D. (2018). Health Politics and Policy– with access (5th ed.). Boston, MA: Cengage.
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