Environmental Health: Local to Global

Question 1

1. A combined sewer overflow is designed to handle __________.

[removed]		both the water flushed down toilets and other household wastewater
[removed]		the overflow of pretreated industrial wastes
[removed]		peaks in wastewater flow caused by surface runoff

1 points

Question 2

1. A septic system consists of a septic tank and a __________.

[removed]		leach field
[removed]		sludge digester
[removed]		trickling filter

1 points

Question 3

1. Secondary sewage treatment is fundamentally a _______________ process.

[removed]		biological
[removed]		chemical
[removed]		mechanical
[removed]

1 points

Question 4

1. About __________ of treated sewage sludge in the United States is disposed of by spreading it on land.

[removed]		25 percent
[removed]		50 percent
[removed]		75 percent

1 points

Question 5

1. Potable water is water that is __________.

[removed]		available for human use within a given watershed
[removed]		considered suitable for use as drinking water
[removed]		derived from a sustainable source

1 points

Question 6

1. Primary sewage treatment is fundamentally a _______________ process.

[removed]		biological
[removed]		chemical
[removed]		mechanical

1 points

Question 7

1. Metals present in municipal wastewater may still be present in treated sewage sludge; __________.

[removed]		dioxins may also be present in treated sludge, but pathogens will not be present
[removed]		pathogens may also be present in treated sludge, but dioxins will not be present
[removed]		both pathogens and dioxins may also be present in treated sludge

1 points

Question 8

1. Currently, most human exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the environment is through _______________.

[removed]		ingestion of food
[removed]		inhalation of indoor air
[removed]		intravenous drips

1 points

Question 9

1. The most significant difference between untreated and treated sewage sludge is that most of the __________ have been removed from the treated sludge.

[removed]		metals
[removed]		organic chemicals
[removed]		pathogens

1 points

Question 10

1. The term biosolids is sometimes used to refer to __________.

[removed]		manure collected from CAFOs
[removed]		scum (floating material) inside a septic tank
[removed]		treated municipal sewage sludge

1 points

Question 11

1. The bar screen, grinder, and grit chamber are used in __________.

[removed]		municipal drinking water treatment
[removed]		municipal solid waste disposal
[removed]		primary sewage treatment

1 points

Question 12

1. Some likely human health impacts of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are suggested by their chemical structure, which is similar to that of _______________.

[removed]		human growth hormone
[removed]		neurotransmitters
[removed]		thyroid hormones

1 points

Question 13

1. Exposure to byproducts of disinfecting drinking water with chlorine has been associated with increased risk of __________.

[removed]		bladder cancer
[removed]		leukemia
[removed]		oral cancer

1 points

Question 14

1. 21. Chlorination of drinking water is highly effective at killing __________.

[removed]		bacteria
[removed]		protozoa
[removed]		viruses
[removed]		all of the above

1 points

Question 15

1. Which of the following are steps in primary sewage treatment?

[removed]		Bar screen, grinder, grit chamber, primary clarifier
[removed]		Settling, coagulation and flocculation, sedimentation, filtration
[removed]		Thickening and stabilization

 

Question 1

1. Trihalomethanes are __________.

[removed]		byproducts of drinking water disinfection
[removed]		common as indoor air contaminants from consumer products
[removed]		primarily a problem of medical wastes

Question 3

1. Secondary sewage treatment is fundamentally a _______________ process.

[removed]		biological
[removed]		chemical
[removed]		mechanical

Question 9

1. Historically, the use of chlorine bleach has made the pulp and paper industry an important source of __________ contamination.

[removed]		chromium
[removed]		dioxin
[removed]		polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)

Question 10

1. Which of the following are steps in municipal drinking water treatment?

[removed]		Bar screen, grinder, grit chamber, sedimentation tank
[removed]		Settling, coagulation and flocculation, sedimentation, filtration
[removed]		Thickening, stabilization, fluoridation

Question 12

1. Which of the following chemicals are widely used as flame retardants in consumer products?

[removed]
[removed]		Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs)
[removed]		Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)

Question 15

1. Industrial wastes, if not pretreated before entering a municipal wastewater treatment system, may __________.

[removed]		cause damage to the municipal works
[removed]		kill bacteria used in wastewater treatment
[removed]		both a and b