Discussion: Levels of Evidence NHS 8050

Discussion: Levels of Evidence NHS 8050

Discussion: Levels of Evidence NHS 8050

NHS8050 Preparing for the Professional Doctorate in Nursing and Health Sciences

Unit 5 Discussion

Levels of Evidence

Think about your own project topic for this course. In your initial post, discuss the three different levels of evidence you could apply to your own paper in this course.

What are the levels of evidence used in the peer-reviewed articles that you found?

Are there white papers or opinion papers on your topic?

Is there an industry expert you could consult?

What did you find that is not evidence based, but could be appropriate?

Provide your findings for all three levels of evidence.

Post according to the Faculty Expectations Response Guidelines. Be sure to include at least one APA-formatted citation (in-text plus full reference). The citation should be from materials you have read during this unit. It may be from course textbooks, assigned readings, or an outside source.

 

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When searching for evidence-based information, one should select the highest level of evidence possible–systematic reviews or meta-analyses. Systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and critically-appraised topics/articles have all gone through an evaluation process: they have been “filtered.” Information that has not been critically appraised is considered “unfiltered.”

As you move up the pyramid, however, fewer studies are available; it’s important to recognize that high levels of evidence may not exist for your clinical question. If this is the case, you’ll need to move down the pyramid if your quest for resources at the top of the pyramid is unsuccessful.

Meta-Analysis: A systematic review that uses quantitative methods to summarize the results.
Systematic Review: Authors have systematically searched for, appraised, and summarised all of the medical literature for a specific topic.
Critically Appraised Topic: Authors evaluate and synthesize multiple research studies.
Critically Appraised Articles: Authors evaluate and synopsize individual research studies.
Randomized Controlled Trials: Include a randomized group of patients in an experimental group and a control group. These groups are followed up for the variables/outcomes of interest.
Cohort Study: Identifies two groups (cohorts) of patients, one which did receive the exposure of interest, and one which did not, and following these cohorts forward for the outcome of interest.
Case-Control Study: Identifies patients who have the outcome of interest (cases) and control patients without the same outcome, and looks for exposure of interest.
Background Information/Expert Opinion: Handbooks, encyclopedias, and textbooks often provide a good foundation or introduction and often include generalized information about a condition. While background information presents a convenient summary, often it takes about three years for this type of literature to be published.
Animal Research/Lab Studies: Information begins at the bottom of the pyramid: this is where ideas and laboratory research takes place. Ideas turn into therapies and diagnostic tools, which then are tested with lab models and animals.