Anatomy and Physiology exam
Anatomy and Physiology exam
Anatomy and Physiology exam
Though you may approach a course in anatomy and physiology strictly as a requirement for your field of study, the knowledge you gain in this course will serve you well in many aspects of your life. An understanding of anatomy and physiology is not only fundamental to any career in the health professions, but it can also benefit your own health. Familiarity with the human body can help you make healthful choices and prompt you to take appropriate action when signs of illness arise. Your knowledge in this field will help you understand news about nutrition, medications, medical devices, and procedures and help you understand genetic or infectious diseases. At some point, everyone will have a problem with some aspect of his or her body and your knowledge can help you to be a better parent, spouse, partner, friend, colleague, or caregiver.
This chapter begins with an overview of anatomy and physiology and a preview of the body regions and functions. It then covers the
characteristics of life and how the body works to maintain stable conditions. It introduces a set of standard terms for body structures and for planes and positions in the body that will serve as a foundation for more comprehensive information covered later in the text. It ends with examples of medical imaging used to see inside the living body.
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Anatomy and physiology are two of the most basic terms and areas of study in the life sciences. Anatomy refers to the internal and external structures of the body and their physical relationships, whereas physiology refers to the study of the functions of those structures. This chapter defines anatomy and physiology and explains why they are important to biomedical engineering. Human bodies are divided into two main regions, axial and appendicular. The axial part consists of the head, neck, thorax, abdomen, and pelvis whereas the appendicular part consists of the upper and lower extremities. The upper extremities include the shoulders, upper arms, forearms, wrists, and hands whereas the lower extremities include the hips, thighs, lower legs, ankles, and feet. The abdominal region can be further divided into nine regions or four quadrants. Furthermore, cell theory, the major types of organic compounds and other elements found in cells, and how the plasma membrane maintains the volume and internal concentrations of a cell has been discussed.
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